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#1
Q: What is classical conditioning?
A: Learning via association (Pavlov).
#2
Q: What is operant conditioning?
A: Learning via reinforcement/punishment (Skinner).
#3
Q: Maslow's Hierarchy?
A: Physiological → Safety → Belonging → Esteem → Self-Actualisation.
#4
Q: What is cognitive dissonance?
A: Discomfort from conflicting beliefs or actions vs beliefs.
#5
Q: What is the placebo effect?
A: Benefit from belief in a treatment, not the treatment itself.
#6
Q: What is the bystander effect?
A: People less likely to help when others are present.
#7
Q: What is the halo effect?
A: One positive trait colours overall perception of a person.
#8
Q: What is neuroplasticity?
A: Brain's ability to form new connections throughout life.
#9
Q: What is IQ?
A: Intelligence Quotient — cognitive ability score (average = 100).
#10
Q: Short-term vs long-term memory?
A: Short-term holds ~7 items briefly; long-term stores indefinitely.
#11
Q: What is attachment theory?
A: Bowlby's theory: early caregiver bonds shape emotional development.
#12
Q: Dunning-Kruger effect?
A: Low-ability people overestimate skill; experts underestimate theirs.
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